What can result from an absence of oxygen?

The absence of oxygen can lead to serious physiological effects, primarily cell death and unconsciousness. Cells in the human body require oxygen to perform essential metabolic processes, particularly for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is vital for cellular function and energy. When oxygen levels are insufficient, cells begin to die, especially those in critical organs like the brain and heart, which are highly sensitive to oxygen deprivation.

The brain, for example, can start to exhibit changes after just a few minutes without oxygen, leading to loss of consciousness. If the lack of oxygen continues, it results in irreversible damage to brain cells, which can lead to permanent neurological impairment or death. This makes understanding the importance of oxygen in maintaining bodily functions crucial for anyone involved in diving or underwater work, where oxygen supply can be compromised.