What two conditions does decompression illness include?

Decompression illness encompasses a range of conditions that can occur when a diver ascends too quickly, resulting in changes in pressure that affect the gases dissolved in their body. The correct answer identifies two specific conditions: decompression sickness and air gas embolism.

Decompression sickness, often referred to as "the bends," occurs when dissolved nitrogen forms bubbles in the body as pressure decreases during ascent. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including joint pain, dizziness, and in severe cases, paralysis or death.

Air gas embolism, on the other hand, occurs when air bubbles enter the bloodstream, often as a result of rapid ascent or lung overexpansion injuries. These bubbles can obstruct blood vessels, leading to catastrophic effects such as stroke or cardiac arrest.

Together, these two conditions illustrate the risks of diving and the importance of adhering to safe ascent practices and proper decompression procedures. Understanding both conditions is crucial for divers and dive professionals in order to manage and prevent serious diving-related health issues.